Scientific Issue Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University. Series: Biology

The presence of high-speed transport (planes, high-speed trains, helicopters, expressways, and high-speed cars) and its integration into people's daily lives create conditions for the rapid overcoming of significant distances in a short period. This is accompanied by changes in time zones, climate, geographical zones, and natural environments. The issue of adaptive reactions and mechanisms throughout the organism is a primary focus in physiological and pathophysiological research.
Few publications address the impact of intercontinental travel on neurodynamic functions and non-specific resistance, primarily reporting changes in systemic immunity and neurodynamic indicators. However, there is a lack of data on delayed effects on non-specific resistance and neurodynamic functions.
The aim of our study was to investigate the delayed effects of intercontinental travel on neurodynamic function indicators and non-specific resistance in the human organism.
The study involved 50 volunteers, divided into two groups: a control group of 25 individuals and an experimental group of 25 individuals. All participants were practically healthy, aged between 25 and 45 years. The experimental group traveled approximately 6,500 km in 8 hours and 40 minutes, departing from Boryspil International Airport, Ukraine, and arriving at Shoudu International Airport, Beijing, China.
Immediately after the flight, the values of the latent periods of PZMR and LPRV2-3 were significantly higher compared to both control and baseline values (by 9% and 24 ms, and 6.7% and 18.1 ms, respectively). The FRNP immediately after the flight showed a significant increase in test time by 2.5% (1.8 seconds). The latent periods of sensorimotor reactions of various complexities, as well as the FRNP values measured on the 14th day post-flight, returned to baseline levels, indicating the development of delayed adaptation to the influence of exogenous and endogenous environmental factors associated with intercontinental travel.
The latent periods of simple visual-motor reactions and choice reactions (2-3) immediately after the flight were significantly longer than control and baseline values (by 9% and 24 ms, and 6.7% and 18.1 ms, respectively). The functional mobility of nervous processes immediately after the flight increased significantly, with test times rising by 2.5% (1.8 seconds). By the 14th day post-flight, these reaction times and the functional mobility indices returned to baseline, suggesting the formation of delayed adaptive responses.
Immediately after the flight, there was a decrease in overall immune reactivity (reflecting the body's nonspecific defenses), along with an increased likelihood of allergization from both infectious and non-infectious intoxications. There was also a reduction in the leukocyte shift index, indicating a potential development of inflammatory processes; a decrease in the neutrophil/monocyte ratio, indicating an imbalance within the phagocytic system; and an increase in the leukocyte/monocyte ratio, suggesting impaired interaction between affector and effector components of systemic immunity.
Fourteen days after the flight, all indicators of nonspecific resistance returned to baseline and control values, except for the allergization index and immune reactivity index, which remained significantly lower. This persistence suggests ongoing increased allergic reactivity and decreased immunoreactivity of the body.

neurodynamics; latent periods of sensorimotor reactions; functional mobility of the main nervous processes; leukocytes; neutrophils; monocytes; nonspecific resistance; hematological indices

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