ONTOMORPHOGENESIS OF PLANTS OF SPECIES OF THE GENUS AMARANTHUS L. IN THE CONDITIONS OF KREMENETS BOTANICAL GARDEN

Abstract

One of the important areas of modern science is the conservation of biodiversity, including plant diversity, which occurs through the introduction. Among the introducers are species of the genus Amaranthus L., which are promising for use in many sectors of the economy. Species of the genus are well known in crop production, and fodder production, and are becoming more widespread as food, medicinal, and technical plants. Due to the high productive potential of sagebrush plants and the multifunctional value of raw materials, there is a problem in the widespread production of crops in production. This raises a number of questions related to the study of the features of plant ontogenesis.
The article presents the results of observations of introduced species of the genus Amaranthus L. in the Kremenets Botanical Garden. Purpose – to establish THE ontomorphogenesis peculiarities of Amaranthus plant species in conditions of introduction to the Kremenets Botanical Garden. The subject of the investigation is species of the genus Amaranthus. Investigations were conducted in 2019–2021 years on the introduction plot of the department of medicinal and new crops of Kremenets Botanical Garden. The developmental state was allocated according to descriptions of the methodology ontogenesis of T. A. Rabotnov.
Peculiarities of ontomorphogenesis of ten collection specimens of the genus Amaranthus are the following: A. caudatus L. cv. Carmine, A. caudatus L. cv. Zolotystyi, A. caudatus L. cv. Kremovyi ranniy, A. caudatus L. cv. Kharkyvskyi, A. caudatus L. cv. Rushnychok, A. caudatus L., A. cruentus L. cv. Bulavovydnyi, A. hybridus L. cv. Atlant, A. paniculatus L., A. leucospermus S.Wats. The general botanical description of species of the genus is given, and the analysis of the biometric parameters of the shoots is given. During the ontogenesis of plants of the genus, Amaranthus undergo different age changes, characterized by structural and biological features. A full cycle of ontognesis takes one year. It was found that introduced plants of the genus Amaranthus species in conditions of culture have four age periods: latent, pregenerative, generative, postgenerative and developmental states: seeds, sprouts, juvenile, immature, virginal, generative, and dying. The generative period lasts the longest, beginning in the second or third decade of July and lasting until the first decade of October. It is established that the duration of the vegetation period of species of the genus Amaranthus in the Kremenets Botanical Garden is 130–137 days. The shortest phase of budding is 13–22 days. The longest vegetative phase is 42–58 days and the flowering phase is 22–33 days. The duration of all phases of development depends on species characteristics and weather conditions.