Email this article PECULIARITIES OF IN VITRO CULTIVATION OF SPECIES OF THE GENUS ARNICA L. IN THE FLORA OF UKRAINE
Abstract
The goal of the study was to optimize conditions for plant introduction into sterile culture, seed germination, microclonal propagation, and induction of callus formation. The initial material consisted of seeds collected from the Ukrainian Carpathians under natural conditions. To obtain aseptic seedlings, seeds were sterilized with a 15 % hydrogen peroxide solution for 20 minutes before being sown on MS/2 medium.
It was found that seeds germinate better under light conditions. Cold stratification (+5–7°C for 1.5–2 months) combined with pre-sowing treatment using gibberellic acid (1000 mg/L) increased germination rates by 1.5–2 times. Seasonal dynamics of germination were observed, with the highest rates in August and the lowest during winter.
To stimulate plant growth and cutting propagation, MS/2 medium supplemented with growth regulators was used. The most favorable conditions for growth were found in the medium containing 0.1 mg/L NAA. The addition of 0.5 mg/L gibberellic acid promoted internode elongation and increased the efficiency of vegetative propagation. The optimal combination for microclonal propagation was 0.2 mg/L IAA, 0.5 mg/L GA₃, and 0.1 mg/L NAA.
The induction of callus formation from leaf, petiole, and root explants was studied on MS and MS/2 media supplemented with different concentrations of 2.4-D. The highest frequency of callus formation was achieved at 0.1 mg/L 2.4-D, with leaf explants showing the highest callusogenic activity. Increasing the auxin concentration led to reduced tissue proliferative capacity and rapid necrosis.
The results demonstrate the potential for efficient in vitro cultivation of A. montana, providing a foundation for gene pool conservation, large-scale propagation, and the production of standardized medicinal raw materials regardless of the state of natural populations.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.25128/2078-2357.25.4.1
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