VULNERABILITY OF FRESHWATER MUSSEL UNIO TUMIDUS TO WATERBORNE MIXTURE OF PSYCHOACTIVE SUBSTANCES AND MICROPLASTIC

K. Yunko, V. Martyniuk, V. Khoma, L. Gnatyshyna, O. Mykhalyuk, V. Baranovskii, M. Gladiuk, G. Tulaidan, A. Mudra, O. Stoliar

Abstract


This study investigates the effects of psychoactive substances and microplastics (MP) on the aquatic environment using swollen river mussels (Unio tumidus) as bioindicators. Mussels were exposed to microplastic, caffeine, chlorpromazine and their mixture for 14 days and biochemical biomarkers of stress and toxicity were analysed. All exposures caused the signs of toxicity, indicated as the loss of lysosomal membrane stability, inactivation of choline esterase, and decrease of the Zn/Cu ratio. All exposures, particularly MP, increased the glutathione level, indicating the involving of low weight cellular thiols in the stress response. Exposure to MP induced superoxide dismutase, and mixture decreased phenol oxidase activity, confirming the negative cumulative effect of the combine exposure.

Keywords


pharmaceuticals; antioxidants; copper; zinc; cumulative effect

References


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.25128/2078-2357.24.3-4.4

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