INFLUENCE OF INCREASED CONCENTRATIONS OF CO2+ IONS ON THE MORPHOMETRIC INDICATORS IN FRESHWATER FISH

N. O. Vovchek, H. M. Holinei, V. O. Khomenchuk, V. Z. Kuran

Abstract


In model conditions the morphometric indicators of silver crucian carp (Carassius auratus gibelio Bloch.) and common pike (Esox lucius L.) under the influence of sublethal concentrations of Co2+ ions (0.1 and 0.25 mg/dm3) were investigated. As a result of the analysis of morphometric characteristics, it was established that the values of most of the size indicators of the studied fish species do not differ from the control. However, a significant decrease in the parameters of the postdorsal distance, the length of the tail stem and the height of the dorsal fin in crucian carp was established under the influence of 0.1 mg/dm3 of Co2+ ions. Exposure to 0.25 mg/dm3 of cobalt (II) ions caused in Carassius auratus gibelio a decrease in the ventroanal distance, the height of the forehead and dorsal fin, as well as an increase in the length of the ventral and base of the anal fin. A tendency to decrease in liver mass and a significant decrease in crucian carp kidney mass under the action of 0.25 mg/ dm3 metal ions was noted. A decrease in the coefficients of large-headedness, broad-backedness and fatness was established under the influence of 0.1 mg/dm3, and a tendency to decrease in the hepatic-somatic index with increasing concentration of metal ions in the incubation medium was noted. In Esox lucius there was a decrease in the width of the forehead and the length of the base of the anal fin under the influence of 0.1 mg/dm3 of cobalt ions. Under the action of 0.25 mg/dm3 of metal ions, an increase in antedorsal and antepectral distances, pectoral and ventral fin lengths was observed. In contrast to crucian carp, in pike there was an increase in the weight of fish liver with an increase in the concentration of Co2+ ions in the water. The effect of sublethal concentrations of cobalt led to an increase in the liver-somatic index and indices of girth and deflection in pike. The coefficients of fatness and broad-backedness decreased with increasing concentration of cobalt ions in the fish acclimation medium. It has been established that morphometric indicators are characterized by species specificity and in combination with physiological and biochemical indicators can serve as biomarkers for assessing the state of the fish organism and the level of contamination of freshwater ecosystems with metals.

Keywords


cobalt; freshwater fish; morphometric analysis

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.25128/2078-2357.23.3-4.7

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